Binding Site¶
A binding site is a specific spot on a protein where another molecule attaches.
For example, a protein might have a binding site for a metal ion like calcium or for a drug molecule.
These sites work like docking stations, allowing the protein to interact with other molecules and perform its function. When genetic variants change the shape of a binding site, they can either block molecules from attaching or make the binding weaker or stronger.
Example¶
The oxygen-binding site on hemoglobin allows it to carry oxygen in your blood.
Clinical Significance¶
Variants in binding sites can:
- Disrupt protein-protein interactions
- Affect drug binding and efficacy
- Alter metal ion coordination
- Impact substrate recognition